Inhibitory Effect of Sesquiterpenoid M36 from Myrrha on Growth of Human Hepatoma Cells / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveThe antitumor activity of sesquiterpenoid M36 isolated from Myrrha against human hepatoma HepG2 cells was investigated in this study. MethodHepG2 cells were treated with M36 at different concentrations （0， 2， 4， 6， 8， 10 μmol·L-1）. Firstly， the effects of M36 on the proliferation of human hepatoma HepG2 cells were detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium （MTT）， colony formation assay， and EdU proliferation assay. Hoechst staining， flow cytometry analysis， and Western blot were used to explore the effect of M36 on the apoptosis of human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Acridine orange staining and western blotting were used to examine the effect of M36 on autophagy in HepG2 cells. Finally， Western blot was used to detect protein expression of cancer-related signaling pathways. ResultCompared with the blank group， M36 treatment significantly inhibited the proliferation of human hepatoma HepG2 cells （P<0.01）， and the half inhibitory concentration （IC50） value of M36 for 48 h was 5.03 μmol·L-1， in a dose- and time-dependent manner. M36 was also able to induce apoptosis and autophagy in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. After treatment with 8 μmol·L-1 M36 for 48 hours， the apoptosis rate of HepG2 cells was （42.03±9.65）% （P<0.01）. Compared with the blank group， HepG2 cells treated with 4 and 8 μmol·L-1 M36 for 48 h had a significant increase in cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase （cleaved-PARP） protein levels （P<0.01）. Acridine orange staining showed that autophagy was significantly activated in HepG2 cells treated with 4 and 8 μmol·L-1 M36 for 48 h compared with the blank group （P<0.01）， which was further verified by the up-regulation of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 Ⅱ （LC3 Ⅱ）. Western blot results showed that compared with the blank group， the levels of phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinase （p-ERK）， phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （p-p38 MAPK）， phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase （p-JNK）， and its downstream nuclear transcription factors c-Jun and p-c-Jun protein were significantly increased in M36 group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of MAPK signaling pathway. ConclusionThe sesquiterpenoid M36 isolated from Myrrha inhibits the proliferation of human hepatoma HepG2 cells and promotes apoptosis and autophagy， which may be related to the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway.

RGS16 regulated by let-7c-5p promotes glioma progression by activating PI3K-AKT pathway / 医学前沿

Gliomas are the most common central nervous system tumours; they are highly aggressive and have a poor prognosis. RGS16 belongs to the regulator of G-protein signalling (RGS) protein family, which plays an important role in promoting various cancers, such as breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, and colorectal cancer. Moreover, previous studies confirmed that let-7c-5p, a well-known microRNA, can act as a tumour suppressor to regulate the progression of various tumours by inhibiting the expression of its target genes. However, whether RGS16 can promote the progression of glioma and whether it is regulated by miR let-7c-5p are still unknown. Here, we confirmed that RGS16 is upregulated in glioma tissues and that high expression of RGS16 is associated with poor survival. Ectopic deletion of RGS16 significantly suppressed glioma cell proliferation and migration both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, RGS16 was validated as a direct target gene of miR let-7c-5p. The overexpression of miR let-7c-5p obviously downregulated the expression of RGS16, and knocking down miR let-7c-5p had the opposite effect. Thus, we suggest that the suppression of RGS16 by miR let-7c-5p can promote glioma progression and may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in glioma.

Clinical efficacy of cinacalciclovir hydrochloride combined with low -dose calcitriol in the treatment of patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism of end stage renal disease / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the effect of cinacalcet combined with low －dose calcitriol in the treatment of patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism of end －stage renal disease.Methods A prospective analysis was conducted in 129 patients with end－stage renal disease and secondary hyperparathyroidism from April 2015 to August 2017 in the Department of Nephrology of Integrative Medicine Hospital of Wenzhou City,Zhejiang Province.The patients were randomly divided into 3 groups:group A received cinacalcet,group B received calcitriol, group C received cinacalcet and low－dose calcitriol for 3 months,respectively.Before and after treatment,the levels of serum phosphorus and serum calcium in the three groups were measured.The levels of parathyroid hormone and the parathyroid hormone clearance rate were measured to find out the therapeutic effect.Results The levels of serum calcium,phosphorus and total parathyroid hormone in group A were significantly lower than those before treatment(t＝3.269,2.263,4.233,all P＜0.05).PTH was significantly decreased,blood calcium and phosphorus significantly in-creased compared with those before treatment,the differences were statistically significant(t＝2.827,2.386,3.342, all P＜0.05).The phosphorus,total parathyroid hormone levels of group C were significantly decreased(t＝3.085, 5.142,all P＜0.05),and no significant change in serum calcium level(t＝0.258,P＞0.05).The total parathyroid hormone level:group B＞group A ＞group C,the whole parathyroid hormone clearance rate:group C ＞group A ＞group B,the differences were statistically significant(t ＝3.642,3.263,all P＜0.05).After treatment,the serum calcium level among the three groups had statistically significant difference,group B＞group C＞group A,the serum phosphorus level among the three groups after treatment had statistically significant difference,group B＞group A ＞group C (t＝3.265,3.332,all P＜0.05).Conclusion The combined use of cinacalcet and low－dose calcitriol in the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with end－stage renal disease can significantly reduce the level of parathyroid hormone and serum phosphorus,and without affecting serum calcium concentration.

Screening on serum biomarkers in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients by proteomics technology / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective Applying the proteomics technology to identify proteins differentially in serums of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients and normal population.Methods The study included serum samples from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis group and normal controlled group with 30 cases of each,from the Second Hospital of Shandong University,between October 2014 and October 2015.Proteins differentially expressed in serums were quantified by the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantization coupled with two-dimensional liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry technology.The proteins were analyzed in terms of molecular function,cell location and biological processes for showing the key protein molecules which were related to the development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Results A total of 490 kinds of proteins (with confidence coefficient above 95％) were identified by mass spectrometry and 25 kinds of differentially expressed proteins were found.Compared with the control group,we found 4 types of up-regulated proteins and 21 downregulated ones in the serum of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients.Data from the Gene ontology analysis showed that most differentially expressed proteins were in the extracellular region (92％) while pathway enrichment analysis showed that most proteins were involved in the complement and coagulation cascade pathway.Conclusion Proteins related to the complement system coagulation cascade pathway,and the proteins function need to be further studied.

Screening on serum biomarkers in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients by proteomics technology / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective Applying the proteomics technology to identify proteins differentially in serums of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients and normal population.Methods The study included serum samples from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis group and normal controlled group with 30 cases of each,from the Second Hospital of Shandong University,between October 2014 and October 2015.Proteins differentially expressed in serums were quantified by the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantization coupled with two-dimensional liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry technology.The proteins were analyzed in terms of molecular function,cell location and biological processes for showing the key protein molecules which were related to the development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Results A total of 490 kinds of proteins (with confidence coefficient above 95％) were identified by mass spectrometry and 25 kinds of differentially expressed proteins were found.Compared with the control group,we found 4 types of up-regulated proteins and 21 downregulated ones in the serum of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients.Data from the Gene ontology analysis showed that most differentially expressed proteins were in the extracellular region (92％) while pathway enrichment analysis showed that most proteins were involved in the complement and coagulation cascade pathway.Conclusion Proteins related to the complement system coagulation cascade pathway,and the proteins function need to be further studied.

Analysis of 163 Rib Fractures by Imaging Examination / 法医学杂志

Objective To explore the applications of im aging exam ination on rib fracture sites in forensic identification. Methods Features including the sites, num bers of the processed im aging exam ination and the first radiological technology at diagnosis in 56 cases of rib fractures from 163 injuries were retro-spectively analyzed. Results The detection rate of the rib fractures within 14 days was 65.6% . The ini-tial detection rate of anterior rib fracture proceeded by X-ray was 76.2%, then 90.5% detected at a sec-ond tim e X-ray, while the detection rate of CTwas 66.7% and 80.0%, respectively. The initial detec-tion rate of rib fracture in axillary section proceeded by X-ray was 27.6%, then 58.6% detected at a second tim e X-ray, while the detection rate of CTwas 54.3% and 80.4%, respectively. The initial de-tection rate of posterior rib fracture proceeded by X-ray was 63.6%, then 81.8% detected at a second tim e X-ray, while the detection rate of CTwas 50.0% and 70.0%, respectively. Conclusion It is im por-tant to pay attention to the use of com bined im aging exam inations and the follow-up results. In the cas-es of suspicious for rib fracture in axillary section, CTexam ination is suggested in such false X-ray negative cases.